November 1, 2026
Penalty for an unclear, confusing, and contradictory summons
Penalty for an Unclear, Confusing, and Contradictory Summons Recently, the Amsterdam District Court (ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2026:9874) ordered the full payment of litigation costs, and for a striking reason: the complaint was “obscure.” “Obscure” means that a pleading is so unclear, confusing, or contradictory that it makes no sense. Article 111(2)…